Economic Decision Making in Complex Health Systems

FAQs

Home
Site Map
Aims
FAQs
Information
Research Team
Links
What's New!
Feedback


Frequently Asked Questions
 

Confused about what this project is even? Well, you've come to the right page. We've compiled a list of FAQs regarding this research. Let's know!

Q1. What does Economic Evaluation (EE) mean?
Q2. What is complex health care system?
Q3. What does internet research mean?
Q4. What do you mean by decision-making?
Q5. How long will the project last?
Q6. Is there anything I should be aware of before participating the research project?
Q7. Where will the study be conducted?
Q8. Who may participate?
Q9. How much time is required to participate in this study?
Q10. Who do I contact for more information?
 



Q1. What does Economic Evaluation (EE) mean?

A) From the perspective of the nature of economic appraisal, Evers et al (1998) divided EE in three distinct categories including: Full Economic Evaluation which refers to four basic kinds of EE which have been distinguished among health economists namely: cost-minimization analysis (CMA), CEA, CBA and cost utility analysis (CUA) (Buxton, 1988; Donaldson, Gillian, & Mitton, 2002; Drummond et al., 1997; Evers et al., 1998; Kernick, 2003) whereas, in Partial Economic Evaluation the analysis is restricted to costs only. Other economic evaluations also are being used as an integral part of health care evaluation and health care technology assessment. Scenario analysis, decision models and meta-analysis for instance, can be used when direct observation of the phenomenon is not available or cannot be collected (Evers et al., 1998). For example, Sonnenberg (1993) applied Markov-Models to study medical decision-making. Akehurst et al., (2000) also used decision analytic modeling in the economic evaluation of health technologies (See table 1).

Table 1: different types of formal Economic Evaluation

Form of evaluation Definition, Measurement and valuation of outcomes

Cost-Minimisation Analysis


Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

 


Cost-Utility Analysis



Cost-Benefit Analysis

 

In a cost minimisation analysis, the consequences of two or more interventions being compared are equivalent. The analysis therefore focuses on costs alone, and the cheapest option is chosen.

Cost effectiveness analysis is the most common type of analysis and is used to compare drugs or programmes which have a common health outcome (for example, reduction in blood pressure, life years saved as a natural unit). This approach forms the bulk of published studies.

Often interventions impact both on quality and quantity of life. A cost utility analysis can be used to assess costs and benefits of interventions where there is no single outcome of interest and is useful comparing different programmes across different treatment areas.

Health states values based on individual preferences (e.g. quality adjusted life years gained. In a Cost Benefit Analysis, attempts are made to value all the costs and consequences of an intervention in monetary terms. If the benefits are less than the costs then the intervention is acceptable.

Kernick, D. P. (2003). Introduction to health economics for the medical practitioner. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 79(929), 147-150.

Q2. What is complex health care system?

A) Complexity refers to a) (Apparent) the degree to which a system or component has a design or implementation that is difficult to understand and verify b) (Inherent) the degree of complication of a system or system component, determined by such factors as the number and intricacy of interfaces, the number and intricacy of conditional branches, the degree of nesting, and the types of data structures.

Q3. What does internet research mean?

) The term 'Internet research has at least two valid meanings. In everyday conversation, if we look for information on the web such as a recipe or what the surf is like today, we can call this 'Internet research'.  In this Module and the whole Unit of Study we will call that kind of activity 'web searching', and use a more academic meaning for 'Internet Research'. For this Module and Unit, 'Internet Research' means doing formal academic research. This may be research about the Internet; or research  in Cyberspace investigating in the Internet as a research field; or research using the Internet as a tool for data collection, analysis or dissemination. We often think about on-line surveys, but Internet research can be much more than this.

Q4. What do you mean by decision-making?

A) Decision making is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives. it is an important part of many professions, where specialists apply their
expertise in a given area to making informed decisions. For example, medical decision making often involves making a diagnosis and selecting an appropriate treatment.

Q5. How long will the project last?

A) We don't know the answer to this until we start. But, it may takes approximately 2 years.

Q6. Is there anything I should be aware of before participating the research project?

A) Yes, Please have a look at the Participant Information statement.

Q7. Where will the study be conducted?

A) This research will be conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Sydney and offices in Australia’s Health Care System in Sydney, Region and ACT.

Q8. Who may participate?

A) All the participants will be Australian health care system staff (permanent residents and/or Australian citizens).

Q9. How much time is required to participate in this study?

A) the time should be various in terms of your background, position, etc. Please refer to "Participant Information Statement" page.

Q10. Who do I contact for more information?

A) Please Contact our Research Team if you have any further questions.

Back to Top

[Home] [Site Map] [Aims] [FAQs] [Information] [Research Team] [Links] [What's New!] [Feedback]
© University of Sydney 2006
For problems or questions regarding this Web site contact Mr. A.Vahab Baghbanian
Last updated: 21 Nov. 2006.